LECTURE PART 4 & 5:   
BRIEF HISTORY OF PRE-MODERN SECRET SERVICES

"second oldest profession in the world"

Moses

Trojan Horse

 sycophants

 Sun Tzü, The Art of War

Quintus Sertorius (biography by) Plutarch

Corps of Messengers

 vigilantes

 agent provocateurs

frumentarri

agents in rebus

curiosi

 akritai

Basil Pantherios in Digenes Akritas

Machiavelli, The Prince; Discourses; The Art of War

Galileo Galilei 1564 – 1642

telescope ("spy glass")

Republic of Venice (La Serenissima)

Council of Ten

Leon Battista Alberti 1404 – 1472

Alberti Cipher Disk

cipher

transposition/substitution

monoalphabetic/polyalphabetic

code

encicode

supercipher

Enigma

Oprichniki

"police"

polizeistaat (police state)

"secret police" (privy police)

spy scares (England 1413-1422)

Sir Francis Walsingham
"Tell a lie and find the truth"

St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
(August 24, 1572)

Christopher Marlowe - Anthony Munday

Edmund Campion

Babington Plot

Gilbert Gifford

Babington Postscript

Royal Mail

"Secret Man" Isaac Dorislaus

“Secret Office” & “Private Office”

Deciphering Branch

"common informers"

Societies for the Reformation of Manners

William Wickham

British Home Office

Luddite Movement

Habeas Corpus 

Committee of Secrecy

Spa Field Riots

Spies and Bloodites

Fenians (Irish Republican Brotherhood - IRB)

Cell Structures

Transnational Terrorism

Fenian Raid on Canada (June 1866)

Suspension of Habeas Corpus Act 1866

John A. Macdonald
Attorney General - Minister of Militia (1854-1866)
Province of Canada West (1841-1867)
(formerly Province Upper Canada 1791-1841)

Gilbert McMicken
Chief of Canada West Frontier Police 1864

Toronto Police (1834-present)

Assassination of D'Arcy McGee (1868)

Fenian Dynamite Campaigns

Irish Republican Army

"The Troubles"

Karl Marx

anarchists

trade unionists

Emma Goldman

Haymarket Bombing Chicago 1886

Sherman Act 1890
"Conspiracy to Restrict Trade"

President William McKinley Assassination 1901

Leon Czolgosz

The Administrative State

 Women's Social and Political Union
(WSPU)

suffragettes

Prisoners (Temporary Discharge for Ill Health) Act (1913)
"Cat and Mouse Act"

1880-83 Special Branch, London Metropolitan Police

[Military Intelligence - Strategic Intelligence]

Depot of Military Knowledge 1803 

Industrial Wars or the “Four Great Industrial Wars”

Crimean War 1854 - 1856
American Civil War 1861 - 1865
Austro-Prussian War 1866
Franco-Prussian War 1870-1871

Telegraph

Battle of Bull Run (Battle of Manassas) 1861

Rose O'Neal Greenhow ("Irish Rose" - "Rebel Rose")

Confederate Secret Service

Pinkertons National Detective Agency

Bureau of Military Information (American Civil War - 1861-1865)

US Naval Intelligence (1882) - US Navy

MID - Military Information Division (War Department (Army) ) (1885)

Spanish American War (April-August 1898)

invasion literature 

The Battle of Dorking (1871) by George Tomkyns Chesneya

War of the Worlds (1898) H. G. Wells

Dracula (1897)  Bram Stocker 

William Le Queux:  The Great War in England in 1897 (1894)
                                 The Invasion of 1910 (1906)  
                                 Spies for the Kaiser (1909)

invasion panic 1907-1909

Official Secrets Act (1911)

Secret Service Bureau: MO1 to MO19 (1903-1909)  

Security Service MI5 (1909)

Secret Intelligence Service (SIS) MI6 (1909)