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Antebellum United States
Part II
(1846-1856)
Wilmot
Proviso
Oregon
settlement
"54-40 or fight"
common
property doctrine
1848 Presidential Elections
Zachary
Taylor (W)
Conscience
Whigs
Cotton
Whigs
William Cass (D)
Popular
Sovereignty Doctrine
“Barnburner”
Democrats
Free
Soil Party
Salmon
P. Chase (FS)
California
Gold Rush of 1849
New
Mexico
Henry
Clay (W)
Omnibus
Bill
Millard
Fillmore (W)
Stephen Douglas
("Little Giant")
(D)
The
Compromise of 1850
Fugitive
Slave Act 1850
Federal
Marshals
William and Ellen Craft
Boston
Abolitionists
Battle
of Christiana
Underground Railway
Harriet Tubman
Harriet
Beecher Stowe
Uncle
Tom's Cabin
economic
determinism
Hacker-Beard
Thesis
1852
Presidential election
Winfield Scott (W)
Franklin
Pierce (D)
Kansas-Nebraska
Act (1854)
“F
Street Mess”
William Seward (R)
Republican
Party
Abraham
Lincoln (R)
Order
of the Star Spangled Banner
Know-Nothings
American
Party
nativism
fusion
parties
Horace
Greeley New York Tribune
Bleeding
Kansas
New
England Emigrant Aid Company
David
Atchison (D)
Border
Ruffians
Lacompton
Topeka
Wakarusa
War
Sack
of Lawrence
Charles
Sumner (FS)
Preston
Brooks (D)
Caning
of Charles Sumner
John
Brown
Presidential
Elections 1856
James
Buchanan (D)
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Slave Statistics in the USA on the eve of the
Civil War in 1860
1 in 70 Americans owned slaves – or 1.5 of the American free population (apx.
28,000,000)
4.8
percent of southerners
owned one or more slaves
According to the 1860 US Census, 393,975 named persons held 3,950,546
unnamed slaves, for a mathematical average of about ten slaves per holder.
Most actually held only
one or two slaves.
Owners of 200 or
more slaves, constituting less than 1% of all US slaveholders (fewer
than 4,000 persons, 1 in 7,000 free persons, or 0.015% of the
population) held an estimated 20–30% of all slaves (800,000 to 1,200,000
slaves).A small minority of the slave
owners were freed African-Americans:
-
in New Orleans over 3,000 free
Negroes
owned slaves, or 28 percent of the free
Negroes in that city.
In 1860 there were at least six Negroes in Louisiana who owned 65
or more slaves.
- In Charleston,
South Carolina in 1860 125 free blacks owned slaves; six of them owning
10 or more. Of the $1.5 million in taxable property owned by free blacks
in Charleston, more than $300,000 represented slave holdings
- In North Carolina
69 free blacks were slave owners.
(Larry Koger,
Black Slaveowners: Free Black Slave Masters in
South Carolina, 1790-1860, University of South Carolina Press, 1995.
Michael P. Johnson, James L. Roark,
Black Masters: A Free Family of Color in the Old South,
W. W. Norton &
Company, 1986.)
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